Where does the Gobi Desert primarily extend?

The Gobi Desert primarily extends across northern and northwestern China and Mongolia. It is a vast desert region that spans approximately 1.3 million square kilometers, characterized by its harsh climate, with extreme temperatures that can range from very cold in the winter to hot in the summer. The geographic location of the Gobi Desert plays a significant role in its ecology and climate, which are influenced by the proximity of mountain ranges that block moisture-laden winds, leading to arid conditions.

The other options refer to different regions that do not encompass the Gobi Desert. Northern and northwestern Africa is home to the Sahara Desert, while southern Europe and central Asia have distinct geographical and climatic characteristics that do not align with those of the Gobi. Understanding the specific location and extent of the Gobi Desert helps in grasping its environmental features and the cultures that have developed in and around it throughout history.